THE EXAMS POINTInside a eukaryotic cell
Read this as a simplified animal-cell schematic, not a scale drawing. Plant cells also have a cell wall, plastids and a large central vacuole.
Open mind map ↗Biology
Important-topic mind maps.
Choose a topic. Follow its branches, explain the links, then open the full lesson.
12 topic mapsFree visual revisionLinked to full lessons
12 topic maps shown
Protein production: one secretion pathway
This pathway describes a secreted protein; many proteins function in the cytosol and do not follow it.
Open mind map ↗Photosynthesis: connect the two stages
Oxygen is released from water during the light-dependent reactions. The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH; it does not directly absorb light.
Open mind map ↗Cell cycle: copy first, divide next
Interphase consists of G₁, S and G₂. It is an active interval, not a resting phase.
Open mind map ↗Mitosis and meiosis at a glance
The first meiotic division is reductional because homologous chromosomes separate.
Open mind map ↗The journey of food
Digestion breaks food down; absorption transfers products across the gut wall; assimilation uses absorbed nutrients in cells.
Open mind map ↗Double circulation: trace one complete route
In a complete pulmonary-plus-systemic route, blood passes through the heart twice. Valves support one-way flow.
Open mind map ↗Urine formation is a selective process
Filtrate is not the same as final urine; reabsorption and secretion change its composition.
Open mind map ↗Water transport and food transport
Separate what is transported from the force and pathway that move it.
Open mind map ↗A monohybrid cross: Aa × Aa
With equal segregation, random fertilisation and complete dominance, the expected genotype ratio is 1:2:1 and phenotype ratio is 3:1.
Open mind map ↗From building blocks to biological polymers
Structure and bonding explain biological function.
Open mind map ↗Energy moves; nutrients cycle
Energy is dissipated as heat at each transfer. Nutrient elements can be reused through biogeochemical cycles. This simplified chain omits the many links in a food web.
Open mind map ↗No matches. Try a shorter topic name or another subject.
This is an expanding collection of selected important topics, not a complete map of every syllabus. Use the linked chapters and official syllabus for deeper preparation.