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THE EXAMS POINT / RESOURCE CENTRE

Different exams.
One place to begin.

Choose an exam and explore concepts through visual explanations, topic maps and revision checks. Open the full chapter notes whenever you need more detail.

THE VISUAL LEARNING STUDIO

See the idea. Understand the connection.

35 visual explanations across 29 chapters, with topic maps throughout the library.

Choose your examination

Study the expanded notes and the credited detailed textbook lessons. The current chapter index covers core topics; it is not a claim of exhaustive coverage of every examination syllabus. Check the official syllabus and primary references.

United Nations — lesson overview

Origins and purposes

The United Nations was established in 1945 under its Charter, which provides a framework for peace, security and international cooperation.

Its principal organs include the General Assembly, Security Council, ECOSOC, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice and Secretariat.

These organs have different memberships and powers; treating them as a single body with identical authority is misleading.

Assembly and Security Council

The General Assembly includes all UN member states and provides a central forum for deliberation and decisions within its Charter role.

The Security Council has fifteen members: five permanent and ten elected non-permanent members under the Charter framework.

Permanent members are China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States; voting rules distinguish procedural and other matters.

Institutions and limits

The International Court of Justice is the UN’s principal judicial organ; it is distinct from the International Criminal Court.

International cooperation depends on mandates, consent or applicable legal authority, resources and political agreement; an announcement does not ensure implementation.

Assess a UN action by the organ, legal basis, decision and follow-up rather than assuming every resolution has identical binding effect.