Choose an exam and explore concepts through visual explanations, topic maps and revision checks. Open the full chapter notes whenever you need more detail.
THE VISUAL LEARNING STUDIO
See the idea. Understand the connection.
35 visual explanations across 29 chapters, with topic maps throughout the library.
The chapter index will grow as additional notes are prepared. Chapters shown here are a learning collection, not a claim that the entire exam syllabus is complete.
SEE IT. CONNECT IT. EXPLAIN IT.
Understand the chapter visually
1 visual explanation · Study the connections, then test yourself.
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COMPARE & CONNECT
Water transport and food transport
1
Xylem
Transports water and mineral ions; transpiration pull is a major driver of upward movement.
2
Phloem
Translocates organic solutes from a source to a sink through living transport tissues.
3
Source and sink
A source exports assimilates; a sink consumes or stores them. Their roles may change.
4
Direction
Phloem transport follows source–sink relations; it is not always downward.
The connection Separate what is transported from the force and pathway that move it.
Exam trap Mature xylem vessels are dead, but xylem tissue also contains living parenchyma.
Can developing leaves act as sinks?
Yes. Developing leaves may import sugars until their photosynthetic production supports export.
Study the expanded notes and the credited detailed textbook lessons. The current chapter index covers core topics; it is not a claim of exhaustive coverage of every examination syllabus. Check the official syllabus and primary references.
Plant Physiology — lesson overview
Water and mineral transport
Water movement is influenced by water-potential differences; osmosis concerns water crossing a selectively permeable membrane.
Xylem conducts water and minerals, with transpiration-linked processes important in the movement of water through many plants.
A root does not actively pump every water molecule to the top of a tall tree; tension, cohesion and the transport system must be considered.
Food transport and gas exchange
Phloem transports organic products between sources and sinks. Source and sink roles depend on developmental and seasonal context.
Transport is not universally downward: a root or developing leaf can be a sink, and direction depends on the source–sink relationship.
Stomatal regulation links carbon-dioxide entry and water loss, creating a physiological trade-off under changing environmental conditions.
Growth and regulation
Plant growth involves cell division, enlargement and differentiation. Meristems supply actively dividing cells in characteristic regions.
Plant hormones participate in interacting regulatory systems; one hormone does not have exactly one isolated effect in every tissue.
Responses to light, gravity and water depend on signalling, growth or movement mechanisms rather than a nervous system identical to that of animals.
